Overview
Colonoscopy is an exam of the lower part of the gastrointestinal tract, which is called the colon or large bowel. This safe procedure provides information that other tests may not be able to give. It also offers an opportunity to treat certain conditions at the same time. The procedure is done with conscious sedations and generally takes between 20 minutes and 1 hour.
Reasons for colonoscopy
Colonoscopy is most commonly used to evaluate the following:
- Screening exam for polyps or colon cancer
- Rectal bleeding
- A change in bowel habit
- Iron deficiency anaemia
- Family history of colon cancer
- Unexplained abdominal or rectal pain
- Abnormalities seen on X-ray or CT scan
What to expect
Set aside the entire day… There will be inevitable waiting periods and it could turn into a long day at the hospital.
Before the colonoscopy, the procedure as well as any specific information relevant to you will be explained in detail. You will have enough opportunity to ask any questions that you might have.
An IV line will be inserted in your arm or hand. Your blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen saturation in your blood will be monitored during the procedure. Sedation will be given through the IV line, which will help to keep you relaxed and pain free. Some patients sleep through the procedure, while most others are awake, but comfortable and generally not aware.
The colonoscope is a flexible tube, approximately the diameter of the index finger. The scope gently pumps air into the colon to inflate it to allow the doctor to see the entire lining. You might feel bloating or cramping as the air opens the colon. Please do not be embarrassed about passing this gas! (it’s just air)